[seek-kr-sms] algorithms and the owlfication of taxon
Shawn Bowers
sbowers at ucdavis.edu
Thu Nov 3 07:41:25 PST 2005
I meant OWL-Light and OWL-DL ...
-shawn
On Thu, 3 Nov 2005, Shawn Bowers wrote:
>
> I think RDF(S) solves real problems that OWL doesn't, and vice versa.
> Logicians shouldn't be so wimpy and should suck it up and admit secord
> order statements exist.
>
> -shawn
>
> On Thu, 3 Nov 2005, Serguei Krivov wrote:
>
> > Relation between FOL and RDF(S) has been discussed in: Horrocks,
> > Patel-Schneider, Three Theses of Representation in the Semantic Web
> > http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/Publications/download/2003/p50-orrocks.pdf
> >
> > Perhaps it is a good reference to corroborate the statement "logicians try
> > to avoid RDF(S)".
> >
> > serguei
> >
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: seek-kr-sms-bounces at ecoinformatics.org
> > [mailto:seek-kr-sms-bounces at ecoinformatics.org] On Behalf Of Shawn Bowers
> > Sent: Thursday, November 03, 2005 10:11 AM
> > To: Bertram Ludaescher
> > Cc: seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org; Serguei Krivov
> > Subject: Re: [seek-kr-sms] algorithms and the owlfication of taxon
> >
> >
> > It looks like the paper you reference describes a "semantics" for RDF(S).
> > Here is a modal theory for RDF by P. Hayes:
> >
> > http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-mt/
> >
> > Here is an older approach, again by P. Hayes, that I find a bit more
> > straightforward:
> >
> > http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/NOTE-lbase-20031010/
> >
> > In this note, e.g., you have axioms such as:
> >
> > rdf:type(?x ?y) implies ?y(?x)
> > rdfs:Class(?y) implies (?y(?x) iff rdf:type(?x ?y))
> >
> > That is, if x is an instance of y then y(x). And, if y is an rdfs class
> > then x is an instance of y if type(x, y). (Here you see second order
> > creap.)
> >
> > Here is another:
> >
> > rdfs:subClassOf(?x ?y) implies
> > (rdfs:Class(?x) and rdfs:Class(?y) and (forall (?u)(?x(?u) implies
> > ?y(?u)))
> >
> > There are a bunch more.
> >
> > -shawn
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > On Thu, 3 Nov 2005, Bertram Ludaescher wrote:
> >
> > >
> > > Shawn:
> > >
> > > Can you remind us what RDF(S) translates to in first-order logic, once
> > > you remove all the pointy brackets, URIs, and other noise?
> > >
> > > In OWL-DL I clearly see this (at least the DL suggests it ;-), that
> > > is, we are looking at a particular description logic..
> > >
> > > What are we looking at --in terms of first-order logic-- when we look
> > > at RDF(S)? I haven't looked at RDF(S) in a while, but recall it was
> > > messy (logicians tend to avoid that stuff ;-)
> > >
> > > But here is some stuff from the Stanford folks:
> > >
> > >
> > http://www.ksl.stanford.edu/people/dlm/daml-semantics/abstract-axiomatic-sem
> > antics.html
> > >
> > > >>> On Wed, 02 Nov 2005 17:48:56 -0800
> > > >>> Shawn Bowers <sbowers at ucdavis.edu> wrote:
> > > SB>
> > > SB> I think the assumption here is that we need to use OWL-DL. Whereas at
> > face
> > > SB> value, RDF(S) seems to have the needed elements.
> > > SB>
> > > SB> -shawn
> > > SB>
> > > SB> Serguei Krivov wrote:
> > > >> The question is how to assign whole classes as values of properties and
> > > >> stay in
> > > >> OWL-DL. Suppose someone whant to say "Book b1 is about lions" and "Book
> > b2 is
> > > >> about African lions" which is natural in rdfs as :
> > > >> (b1, subject, Lion)
> > > >> (b2, subject AfricanLion)
> > > >> (see Approach 1 in the paper)
> > > >>
> > > >> The main message of this paper is as follows: If you want to support in
> > OWL-DL
> > > >> such data structures along with the derivations "hey pals, book b2 is
> > also
> > > >> about Lions" then use existential property value restriction
> > > >> b1 has type restriction(someValuesFrom Lion)
> > > >> b2 has type restriction(someValuesFrom AfricanLion)
> > > >>
> > > >> DL reasoner then could derive that
> > > >> b2 has type restriction(someValuesFrom Lion)
> > > >>
> > > >> see approach 4. This is pretty much it; approaches 2 and 3 looks too
> > > >> artificial
> > > >> and perhaps they are mentioned just to fill in the space.
> > > >>
> > > >> serguei
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> Quoting Bertram Ludaescher <ludaesch at ucdavis.edu>:
> > > >>
> > > >>> Mark:
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Good finding.
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Any volunteers for reviewing this document carefully and relating it
> > > >>> to our ongoing TAXON / KR-SMS discussion?
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Bertram
> > > >>>
> > > >>>
> > > >>>
> > > >>>>>> On Wed, 26 Oct 2005 12:07:13 -0700
> > > >>>>>> Mark Schildhauer <schild at nceas.ucsb.edu> wrote:
> > > MS>
> > > MS> Hi All,
> > > MS> I think Dave put his finger on it that this is the primary obstacle
> > with
> > > MS> using OWL-DL to model biological taxonomies, viz. that we want to
> > > MS> flexibly use classes as instances-- so we can get the advantages of
> > > MS> inheritance from the class structure, but also reference classes as
> > > MS> property-values. There is some discussion of this issue on the w3
> > site--
> > > MS>
> > > MS> http://www.w3.org/TR/swbp-classes-as-values/
> > > MS>
> > > MS> I'm still reviewing this document myself, but it seems very relevant
> > to
> > > MS> our quandary...
> > > MS>
> > > MS> cheers,
> > > MS> Mark
> > > MS> /
> > > MS>
> > > MS> /dave thau wrote:
> > > MS>
> > > >>>>> Ok, does this deal with upper level classes having different
> > > >>>>> authorities? Or does this run into a problem where you're treating
> > a
> > > >>>>> class like an instance?
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Dave
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> ----- Original Message -----
> > > >>>>> *From:* Serguei Krivov <mailto:Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu>
> > > >>>>> *To:* 'dave thau' <mailto:thau at learningsite.com> ; 'bertram'
> > > >>>>> <mailto:ludaesch at ucdavis.edu> ; 'Nico Franz'
> > > >>>>> <mailto:franz at nceas.ucsb.edu>
> > > >>>>> *Cc:* seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > >>>>> <mailto:seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org>
> > > >>>>> *Sent:* Wednesday, October 26, 2005 9:29 AM
> > > >>>>> *Subject:* RE: algorithms and the owlfication of taxon
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> There are many ways to represent biological taxonomies in OWL. The
> > > >>>>> main problem here is how to avoid a second order style logic i.e.
> > > >>>>> assigning properties to classes rather then specifying properties
> > > >>>>> of objects by defining classes. There is temptation to use owl as
> > > >>>>> meta- language of taxonomy rather then as the language of taxonomy
> > > >>>>> (which it is intended to be), or say it metaphorically writing OWL
> > > >>>>> interpreter for OWL.
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> I believe this could be easily avoided. Here is how I would
> > > >>>>> represent the part of taxonomies from Dave's design document:
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Each instance of class species would have attributes hasKingdom,
> > > >>>>> hasPhylum, etc. One could also add hasAuthority, hasReference etc.
> > > >>>>> And so we describe species exactly as humans do. Now the question
> > > >>>>> is how to say that all Anthropoda are Animals and all Chordata are
> > > >>>>> Animals. It is easy in OWL if we use subsumption axioms on
> > > >>>>> anonymous classes:
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> this states that anonymous class hasKingdom:Animals (property
> > > >>>>> value restriction) is subclass of anonymous class
> > > >>>>> hasPhylum:Anthropoda. Now when subsumption relation is established
> > > >>>>> one could use owl reasoner to check consistency
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> ciao,
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> serguei
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > ----------
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Serguei Krivov, Assist. Research Professor,
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Computer Science Dept. & Gund Inst. for Ecological Economics,
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> University of Vermont; 590 Main St. Burlington VT 05405
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> phone: (802)-656-2978
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> -----Original Message-----
> > > >>>>> From: dave thau [mailto:thau at learningsite.com]
> > > >>>>> Sent: Wednesday, October 26, 2005 11:22 AM
> > > >>>>> To: Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu; bertram
> > > >>>>> Subject: algorithms and the owlfication of taxon
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Hello,
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Attached are two documents you may find interesting. The first
> > > >>>>> was the
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> first assignment in my algorithms class. The puzzle I described
> > > >>>>> yesterday
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> is part II.
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Second, when I first started working on SEEK, I tried to pitch OWL
> > > >>>>> as the
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> most appropriate representation for the Taxon stuff, but didn't
> > > >>>>> get too
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> far. I did a little work doing a couple of representations, and a
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> graduate student of Susan Gauch went further in documenting
> > > >>>>> options. This
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> dates from about 3 years ago, and we were all just learning OWL
> > > >>>>> DL, so it
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> may be poorly informed. But it'll give you a notion of the
> > > >>>>> thinking at
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> the time.
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> Dave
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>> _______________________________________________
> > > >>>>> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > >>>>> Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > >>>>>
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> > > >>>>>
> > > >>>>>
> > > MS>
> > > MS>
> > > MS> --
> > > MS> Mark Schildhauer, Ph.D. 735 State St., Suite
> > 300
> > > MS> Director of Computing, NCEAS Santa Barbara CA 93101
> > > MS> Phone: 805-892-2509 FAX: 805-892-2510
> > > MS> Email: schild at nceas.ucsb.edu
> > > MS>
> > > MS>
> > > MS> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
> > > MS> <html>
> > > MS> <head>
> > > MS> <meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1"
> > http-equiv="Content-Type">
> > > MS> <title></title>
> > > MS> </head>
> > > MS> <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
> > > MS> Hi All,<br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> I think Dave put his finger on it that this is the primary obstacle
> > > MS> with using OWL-DL to model biological taxonomies, viz. that we want to
> > > MS> flexibly use classes as instances-- so we can get the advantages of
> > > MS> inheritance from the class structure, but also reference classes as
> > > MS> property-values. There is some discussion of this issue on the
> > w3
> > > MS> site--<br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
> > > >>>
> > href="http://www.w3.org/TR/swbp-classes-as-values/">http://www.w3.org/TR/swb
> > p-classes-as-values/</a><br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> I'm still reviewing this document myself, but it seems very relevant
> > to
> > > MS> our quandary...<br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> cheers,<br>
> > > MS> Mark<br>
> > > MS> <i><br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> </i>dave thau wrote:
> > > MS> <blockquote cite="mid004301c5da5b$c9a65f10$0100007f at localhost"
> > > MS> type="cite">
> > > MS> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; ">
> > > MS> <meta content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1491" name="GENERATOR">
> > > MS> <style>@page Section1 {size: 8.5in 11.0in; margin: 1.0in
> > > >>> 77.95pt 1.0in 77.95pt; }
> > > MS> P.MsoNormal {
> > > MS> FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"
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> > > MS> LI.MsoNormal {
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> > > MS> DIV.MsoNormal {
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> > > MS> A:link {
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> > > MS> }
> > > MS> SPAN.MsoHyperlink {
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> > > MS> DIV.Section1 {
> > > MS> page: Section1
> > > MS> }
> > > MS> </style>
> > > MS> <div><font face="Arial" size="2">Ok, does this deal with upper level
> > > MS> classes having different authorities? Or does this run into
> > > >>> a problem
> > > MS> where you're treating a class like an instance?</font></div>
> > > MS> <div> </div>
> > > MS> <div><font face="Arial" size="2">Dave</font></div>
> > > MS> <blockquote
> > > MS> style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); padding-right: 0px;
> > > >>> padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 0px;"
> > > MS> dir="ltr">
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant:
> > > >>> normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal;
> > > >>> font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">-----
> > > MS> Original Message ----- </div>
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="background: rgb(228, 228, 228) none repeat scroll 0%;
> > > >>> -moz-background-clip: initial; -moz-background-origin: initial;
> > > >>> -moz-background-inline-policy: initial; font-family: arial;
> > > >>> font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
> > > >>> font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none;
> > > >>> font-stretch: normal;"><b>From:</b>
> > > MS> <a title="Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu"
> > > MS> href="mailto:Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu">Serguei Krivov</a> </div>
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant:
> > > >>> normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal;
> > > >>> font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"><b>To:</b>
> > > MS> <a title="thau at learningsite.com"
> > > >>> href="mailto:thau at learningsite.com">'dave
> > > MS> thau'</a> ; <a title="ludaesch at ucdavis.edu"
> > > MS> href="mailto:ludaesch at ucdavis.edu">'bertram'</a> ; <a
> > > MS> title="franz at nceas.ucsb.edu" href="mailto:franz at nceas.ucsb.edu">'Nico
> > > MS> Franz'</a> </div>
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant:
> > > >>> normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal;
> > > >>> font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"><b>Cc:</b>
> > > MS> <a title="seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org"
> > > MS>
> > > >>>
> > href="mailto:seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org">seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org<
> > /a>
> > > MS> </div>
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant:
> > > >>> normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal;
> > > >>> font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"><b>Sent:</b>
> > > MS> Wednesday, October 26, 2005 9:29 AM</div>
> > > MS> <div
> > > MS> style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant:
> > > >>> normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal;
> > > >>> font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"><b>Subject:</b>
> > > MS> RE: algorithms and the owlfication of taxon</div>
> > > MS> <div><br>
> > > MS> </div>
> > > MS> <div class="Section1">
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">There are many ways to represent biological
> > > MS> taxonomies in OWL. The main problem here is how to avoid a second
> > order
> > > MS> style logic i.e. assigning properties to classes rather then
> > specifying
> > > MS> properties of objects by defining classes. There is temptation to use
> > > MS> owl as meta- language of taxonomy rather then as the language of
> > > MS> taxonomy (which it is intended to be), or say it metaphorically
> > writing
> > > MS> OWL interpreter for OWL.</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">I believe this could be easily avoided. Here
> > > MS> is how I would represent the part of taxonomies from Dave’s
> > design
> > > MS> document:</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"><img
> > > MS> src="cid:part1.09000004.04090504 at nceas.ucsb.edu" height="396"
> > > MS> width="423"></span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Each instance of class species would
> > have
> > > MS> attributes hasKingdom, hasPhylum, etc. One could also add
> > hasAuthority,
> > > MS> hasReference etc. And so we describe species exactly as humans do. Now
> > > MS> the question is how to say that all Anthropoda are Animals and all
> > > MS> Chordata are Animals. It is easy in OWL if we use subsumption axioms
> > on
> > > MS> anonymous classes:</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"><img
> > > MS> src="cid:part2.07080303.09040809 at nceas.ucsb.edu" height="222"
> > > MS> width="262"></span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">this states that anonymous class
> > > MS> hasKingdom:Animals (property value restriction) is subclass of
> > > MS> anonymous class hasPhylum:Anthropoda. Now when subsumption
> > > >>> relation is
> > > MS> established one could use owl reasoner to check consistency
> > > >>> </span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">ciao,</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">serguei</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size:
> > > >>>
> > 10pt;">---------------------------------------------------------------------
> > -----------------</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Serguei Krivov</span></font>, Assist.
> > > MS> Research Professor,</p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Computer Science Dept. & Gund Inst. for
> > > MS> Ecological Economics, </span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">University</span></font> of Vermont; 590 Main
> > > MS> St. Burlington VT 05405</p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">phone: (802)-656-2978</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">-----Original Message-----<br>
> > > MS> From: dave thau [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
> > > >>> href="mailto:thau at learningsite.com">mailto:thau at learningsite.com</a>]
> > > >>> <br>
> > > MS> Sent: </span></font>Wednesday, October 26, 2005 11:22 AM<br>
> > > MS> To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> > > >>> href="mailto:Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu">Serguei.Krivov at uvm.edu</a>;
> > > >>> bertram<br>
> > > MS> Subject: algorithms and the owlfication of taxon</p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Hello,</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Attached are two documents you may find
> > > MS> interesting. The first was the</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">first assignment in my algorithms
> > > >>> class. The
> > > MS> puzzle I described yesterday</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">is part II.</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Second, when I first started working on SEEK,
> > > MS> I tried to pitch OWL as the</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">most appropriate representation for the Taxon
> > > MS> stuff, but didn't get too</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">far. I did a little work doing a
> > > >>> couple of
> > > MS> representations, and a</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">graduate student of Susan Gauch went further
> > > MS> in documenting options. This</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">dates from about 3 years ago, and we were all
> > > MS> just learning OWL DL, so it</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">may be poorly informed. But it'll
> > > >>> give you a
> > > MS> notion of the thinking at</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">the time.</span></font></p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></font> </p>
> > > MS> <p class="MsoPlainText"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
> > > MS> style="font-size: 10pt;">Dave</span></font></p>
> > > MS> </div>
> > > MS> </blockquote>
> > > MS> <pre wrap="">
> > > MS> <hr size="4" width="90%">
> > > MS> _______________________________________________
> > > MS> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > MS> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> > > >>>
> > href="mailto:Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org">Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org<
> > /a>
> > > MS> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
> > > >>>
> > href="http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-
> > sms">http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-s
> > ms</a>
> > > MS> </pre>
> > > MS> </blockquote>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> <br>
> > > MS> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
> > > MS> Mark Schildhauer, Ph.D. 735 State St., Suite
> > 300
> > > MS> Director of Computing, NCEAS Santa Barbara CA 93101
> > > MS> Phone: 805-892-2509 FAX: 805-892-2510
> > > MS> Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
> > > >>> href="mailto:schild at nceas.ucsb.edu">schild at nceas.ucsb.edu</a>
> > > MS>
> > > MS> </pre>
> > > MS> </body>
> > > MS> </html>
> > > MS> _______________________________________________
> > > MS> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > MS> Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > MS>
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> > > >>>
> > > >>> _______________________________________________
> > > >>> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > >>> Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > >>>
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> > > >>>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> _______________________________________________
> > > >> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > >> Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > >>
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > SB>
> > > SB> _______________________________________________
> > > SB> Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > > SB> Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > > SB>
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> > >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Seek-kr-sms mailing list
> > Seek-kr-sms at ecoinformatics.org
> > http://mercury.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecoinformatics/mailman/listinfo/seek-kr-sms
> >
> >
>
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